1. Warburton DER, Charlesworth S, Ivey A, Nettlefold L, Bredin SS. A systematic review of the evidence for Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010;7:39. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-7-39. [
DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-7-39]
2. Laakkonen EK, Kulmala J, Aukee P, Hakonen H, Kujala UM, Lowe DA, et al. Female reproductive factors are associated with objectively measured physical activity in middle-aged women. PloS One. 2017;12(2):e0172054. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172054. [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0172054]
3. Varo JJ, Martínez-González MA, de Irala-Estévez J, Kearney J, Gibney M, Martínez JA. Distribution and determinants of sedentary lifestyles in the European :union:. Int J Epidemiol. 2003;32(1):138-146. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyg116. [
DOI:10.1093/ije/dyg116]
4. Rabiei K, Kelishadi R, Sarrafzadegan N, Sadri G, Amani A. Short-term results of community-based interventions for improving physical activity: Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme. Arch Med Sci. 2010;6(1):32-39. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2010.13504. [
DOI:10.5114/aoms.2010.13504]
5. Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Matsudo SM, Matsudo VR, Bonseñor IM, Lotufo PA. A descriptive epidemiology of leisure-time physical activity in Brazil, 1996-1997. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003;14(4):246-254. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892003000900005. [
DOI:10.1590/S1020-49892003000900005]
6. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2010.
7. Esteghamati A, Khalilzadeh O, Rashidi A, Kamgar M, Meysamie A, Abbasi M. Physical activity in Iran: results of the third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007). J Phys Act Health. 2011;8(1):27-35. doi: 10.1123/jpah.8.1.27. [
DOI:10.1123/jpah.8.1.27]
8. Momenan A, Delshad M, Mirmiran P, Ghanbarian A, Safarkhani M, Azizi F. Physical inactivity and related factors in an adult Tehranian population (Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study) [in Persian]. Iran J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;13(5):493-503.
9. Maddah M, Akbarian Z, Shoyooie S, Rostamnejad M, Soleimani M. Prevalence of regular exercise among Iranian adults: a study in northern iran. J Phys Act Health. 2014;11(4):810-813. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0202. [
DOI:10.1123/jpah.2012-0202]
10. Silva MN, Markland D, Minderico CS, Vieira PN, Castro MM, Coutinho SR, et al. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate self-determination theory for exercise adherence and weight control: rationale and intervention description. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:234. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-234. [
DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-8-234]
11. Elfhag K, Rössner S. Who succeeds in maintaining weight loss? A conceptual review of factors associated with weight loss maintenance and weight regain. Obes Rev. 2005;6(1):67-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00170.x. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00170.x]
12. Silva MN, Vieira PN, Coutinho SR, Minderico CS, Matos MG, Sardinha LB, et al. Using self-determination theory to promote physical activity and weight control: a randomized controlled trial in women. J Behav Med. 2010;33(2):110-122. doi: 10.1007/s10865-009-9239-y. [
DOI:10.1007/s10865-009-9239-y]
13. Deci EL, Ryan RM. The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychol Inq. 2000;11(4):227-268. doi: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01. [
DOI:10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01]
14. Plotnikoff RC, Costigan SA, Karunamuni N, Lubans DR. Social cognitive theories used to explain physical activity behavior in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive medicine. 2013;56(5):245-253. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.01.013. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.01.013]
15. Teixeira PJ, Carraça EV, Markland D, Silva MN, Ryan RM. Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:78. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-78. [
DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-9-78]
16. Fortier MS, Duda JL, Guerin E, Teixeira PJ. Promoting physical activity: development and testing of self-determination theory-based interventions. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:20. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-20. [
DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-9-20]
17. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Berlin, Germany: Springer Science & Business Media; 1985. [
DOI:10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7]
18. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemp Educ Psychol. 2000;25(1):54-67. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.1020. [
DOI:10.1006/ceps.1999.1020]
19. Standage M, Ryan RM. Self-determination theory and exercise motivation: Facilitating self-regulatory processes to support and maintain health and well-being. In: Roberts GC, Treasure DC, eds. Advances in motivation in sport and exercise. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2012. doi: 10.5040/9781492595182.ch-007. [
DOI:10.5040/9781492595182.ch-007]
20. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Hand book of self-determination research. 1st ed. Rochester, NY: University Rochester Press; 2004.
21. Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N. The role of self-determined motivation in the understanding of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. J Sports Sci. 2006;24(4):393-404. doi: 10.1080/02640410500131670. [
DOI:10.1080/02640410500131670]
22. Murcia JAM, de San Román ML, Galindo CM, Alonso N, González-Cutre D. Peers' influence on exercise enjoyment: A self-determination theory approach. J Sports Sci Med. 2008;7(1):23-31.
23. Weman-Josefsson K, Lindwall M, Ivarsson A. Need satisfaction, motivational regulations and exercise: moderation and mediation effects. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2015;12(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12966-015-0226-0. [
DOI:10.1186/s12966-015-0226-0]
24. Farmanbar R, Niknami S, Hidarnia A, Lubans DR. Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2). Health Promot Perspect. 2011;1(2):95-104. doi: 10.5681/hpp.2011.010.
25. Verloigne M, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Tanghe A, D'Hondt E, Theuwis L, Vansteenkiste M, et al. Self-determined motivation towards physical activity in adolescents treated for obesity: an observational study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:97. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-97. [
DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-8-97]
26. Wilson PM, Rogers WT, Rodgers WM, Wild TC. The psychological need satisfaction in exercise scale. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2006;28(3):231-251. doi: 10.1123/jsep.28.3.231. [
DOI:10.1123/jsep.28.3.231]
27. Richard M, Christina MF, Deborah LS, Rubio N, Kennon MS. Intrinsic motivation and exercise adherence. Int J Sport Psychol. 1997;28(4):335-54.
28. Williams GC, Grow VM, Freedman ZR, Ryan RM, Deci EL. Motivational predictors of weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996;70(1):115-126. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.70.1.115. [
DOI:10.1037//0022-3514.70.1.115]
29. Armstrong T, Bull F. Development of the world health organization global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). J Public Health. 2006;14(2):66-70. [
DOI:10.1007/s10389-006-0024-x]
30. Bull FC, Maslin TS, Armstrong T. Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ): nine country reliability and validity study. J Phys Act Health. 2009;6(6):790-804. doi: 10.1123/jpah.6.6.790. [
DOI:10.1123/jpah.6.6.790]
31. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjorstrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381-1395. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB. [
DOI:10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB]
32. World Health Organization. Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) analysis guide. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2012.
33. Hagströmer M, Bergman P, Bauman A, Sjöström M. The international prevalence study (IPS): health-enhancing physical activity in Sweden. J Public Health. 2006;14(5):301-308. doi: 10.1007/s10389-006-0032-x. [
DOI:10.1007/s10389-006-0032-x]
34. Schumacker RE, Lomax RG. A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Routledge Academic; 2012.
35. Munro BH. Statistical methods for health care research. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
36. Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990;107(2):238-246. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238. [
DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238]
37. Bentler PM, Bonett DG. Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychol Bull. 1980;88(3):588-606. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588. [
DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588]
38. Ingledew DK, Markland D. The role of motives in exercise participation. Psychol Health. 2008;23(7):807-828. doi: 10.1080/08870440701405704. [
DOI:10.1080/08870440701405704]
39. Sebire SJ, Jago R, Fox KR, Edwards MJ, Thompson JL. Testing a self-determination theory model of children's physical activity motivation: a cross-sectional study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013;10:111. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-111. [
DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-10-111]
40. Gourlan M, Trouilloud D, Sarrazin P. Motivational characteristics of obese adolescents toward physical activity: Contribution of self-determination theory. Eur Rev Appl Psychol. 2013;63(4):209-218. doi: 10.1016/j.erap.2013.02.001. [
DOI:10.1016/j.erap.2013.02.001]
41. Edmunds J, Ntoumanis N, Duda JL. A test of self‐determination theory in the exercise domain. J Appl Soc Psychol. 2006;36(9):2240-2265. doi: 10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00102.x. [
DOI:10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00102.x]
42. Edmunds J, Ntoumanis N, Duda JL. Testing a self‐determination theory‐based teaching style intervention in the exercise domain. Eur J Soc Psychol. 2008;38(2):375-388. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.463. [
DOI:10.1002/ejsp.463]
43. Barkoukis V, Hagger MS, Lambropoulos G, Tsorbatzoudis H. Extending the trans‐contextual model in physical education and leisure‐time contexts: Examining the role of basic psychological need satisfaction. Br J Educ Psychol. 2010;80(Pt 4):647-670. doi: 10.1348/000709910X487023. [
DOI:10.1348/000709910X487023]